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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

P. BGKERMANN. LOOM POR WEAVING LOOM HARNESS.

No. 383,215. Patented Mey 22, 1882.

s Sheets-sheet 2.

Patented May 22, `1888.

P. ECKERMANN. LOOM POR WBAVINO LOOM HARNESS.

(No Model.)

N4 Pneus, Plmmnhugmphnr. wnsmngm. n. c.

(No Model.) s sheets-sheen s.

P. ECKERMANN. LOOM POR WEAVING LOOM HARNESS.

o. 383,215. Patented May z2, V1888.

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l v I UNITED STATES PATENT @Erica FRED EOKERMANN, OF PATERSON, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO PAUL A.

WAGNER, OF SAME PLAGE.

LOM FOR WEAVING LOOM-HARNESS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 383,215, dated May 22, 1.888.

Serial No. 248,304. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.:

Beit known that I, FEED ECKERMANN, of Paterson, in the county of Passaic and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Improvementin Looms for lVeaving Loom- Harness, of which the following is a specilication.

In many looms, particularly those for weaving silk, there is employed for the warp a harness which is itselfwoven upon a loom,- and my invention relates to a loom for weaving or making such harness. In such harness the warps are at opposite edges only, forming what are called in the ordinary harness rig-bands. Each consists of a limited numberwsix, for eXamplecf cords or threads, and the loops for receiving the future warps are formed by weftthreads, which extend in pairs inward from the warps of the harness and are looped one into the other, the loop between the opposite wefts being lextended slightly to receive the warp of the loom through it. These weftthreads n the harness, which extend inward from o pposite edges and are looped one into another, are formed around pins, and commonly there are employed two pins which are alternately withdrawn and projected beyond the center head, and which are a slight distance apart, so that in the finished harness there will be two lines ofloops for receiving the warp-threads at a short distance-say three eighths of an inch apart. In most looms for weaving this character of harness the weftthreads have been carried by shuttles which have traveled in shuttle-races of peculiar form or character around one or the other of the pins; but in my loom there is concentric with the center head a rotary weft-carrier, which supports the spools of weft-thread, and also two looper arms through which the wettthreads are conducted from the spools, and which serve, by an entire revolution, to loop these threads one into the other and around the pin which is at that time projected. The` ing-threads around the last weft-'threads and toI draw said weft-threads into the warps, where they are locked by the changing of the warps. I employ at oppositel sides or warps of the loom shuttle-carriers which work alternately upward and downward through the warps, and which are carried by levers or piv= oted arms, and these levers or pivoted arms are connected with opposite ends of other le vers, which in turn are operated by a rocker and crank-shaft, so that shuttlc-carriers at opposite edges ofthe loom or at opposite warps are simultaneously thrust downward through one warp to loop alockingthread around one weftth read and upward through the other warp to loop a locking-thread upward around the other weft-th read.

Having thus brieliy referred to the principal parts of my invention, I follow with a detailed description thereof, referring to the accompanying drawings; and the invention consists in novel combinations of parts, hereinafter described, and particularly pointed ont in the claims. l

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l. is a side elevation of a loom embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a partlysectional view of one ofthe shuttle-carriers, its supporting-arm, and its contained shuttle. Fig. 3 is a plan of the loom. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of certain parts thereof, illustrating the center head, its reciprocating pins, and portions of the weft-carrier. Fig. 5 is a diagram ot' certain of these parts, illustrating the shed or warp as divided for receiving through it the shuttle-carriers. Fig. 6 is a similar diagram, showing the warp as shifted to permit the full rotation oft-he looper-arms. Fig. 7 represents an end View of the loom near the delivery side thereof, portions of certain shafts being shown in transverse section. Fig. 8 is an end view of the mechanism for operating t-he weft-carrier and the reciprocating pins around which the weft-threads are looped, and Fig. 9 represents one ofthe sections of harness whereby one-half of one of the warps is carried.

Similar letters of reference designate corren spending parts in all the figures.

In making up each warp there are employed a certain number of caudlewarps or large cords, and also smaller cords or ordinary warps.

I have here represented the loom as adopted for forming each warp of two candle-warps and four ordinary warp-cords.

A A designate two drums at each side of the machine, from which two caudle-warps are taken, and A A designate two other drums, also at each side of the machine, from which the ordinary warps are taken. A candle warp lmay be taken from each of the drums A A, and

two ordinary warps are taken from each drum A.

Connected withcach ofthe drums A A', l have represented abrake-wheel, a, from which may pass a brake cord or strap, a', suitably weighted, and I have shown the four drums A upon one shaft, A2, while the drums A are upon a second shaft, A. The several threads forming each warp are conducted through or between pius a2, adjacent to their drums, and are thence carried through the sections of harness. I have here represented two sections of harness for each warp, each arranged in a fork, B, as is best shown in detail in Fig. 9, and from the sections of harness the warps pass through lays C, and are thence conducted to take-up drums D, which are upon a shaft D.

I will first describe the mechanism for operating the harness-sections which are in forks B and for operating the lays G or beaters at opposite sides of the loom.

E designates the main cam-shaft of the loom, which is operated by wheels o o2 from a main shaft, G, provided with fast and loose pulleys e e and a [1y-wheel, e2. rlhe shaft E is provided with a slotted cranloarm, e3, and with a cam, E. The lays Care each upon an upright shaft, G, provided with a slotted arm, c, connected by a rod, c', with the end of the lever c2, pivoted at ci. One end of this lever is also connected by a rod, C2, with the upper end of a lever, C, fulcrumed at c, and having a truck-roller, e5, which bears against the cam E, and a spring, e6, for drawing` it toward said cam. It will be understood, therefore, that the combined action of the cani E, the spring e, and the lever C3 upon the lever c2 will cause it to oscillate on its center or pivot c3, and will simultaneously operate the rock-shafts O and the lays C in the same direction.

The forks B, which control the sections of warp-harness, are upon the upper ends of levers B,whi.ch are connected in pairs by sp rings b, so as to insure the simultaneous operation of the harnessseetions which are on opposite sides of the loom.

F designates a shaft which extends lengthwise of the loom and carries cams F, of S- shaped form, which act upon truck-rollers b on the levers B and serve to operate the forks B,carrying the sections of harness. The cams F are upon a shaft, F, which is mountedA in the frame S of the machine, and this shaft carries a sector, F, which is operated by a rod, f, extending from thecrank-arm e3. Consequently it will be seen that as the shaft E is rotated, the shaft F will receive a rocking motion through a substantial part of a rotation.

Near the upper part ofthe machine I have represented a center head, f, which is upon an ,inner shaft,f2, as shown in Fig. 4, and this shaftfZ is prevented from turning by an arm, f", which is secured to a portion, S, of the framing of the machine. About the shaftf2 is a sleeve,f3, which is fitted in bearings s in the main framing S, and which has upon it a pinion, g, engaging the sector F3,by which the sleevef3 is rotated in one or other direction, while the head f remains stationary. From the head f are alternately projected and retracted two pins or rods, g', which extend entirely through the shaftf2 and are connected to a rocker, g2, upon the farther end of the shaft. V'ith the rocker gL engages a pivoted lever-,93, on the opposite end of which acts a cam, g, formed upon the end of the shaft F, and by this mechanism the pins g' are alternately projected from and sheathed within the headf. Upon the sleeve f" are arms f5,which extend in diametrically opposite directions, and are bent slightly forward at their outer extremities, as shown best in Fig. l, and at such outer extremities are provided with threadeycs. From these armsf5 extend supplemental armsf, which carry the spools, f7, of Weftthread, and from these spools]c7 the weft thread is drawn off the ends and conducted through tuhes f8, attached to the arms f5, and thence to thread guides or eyes f at the ends ofsaid arm. By the operation of the sector F, which is rocked alternately in opposite directions, the sleeve f 3 and its weft-can rier arms and looper-arms are rotated a complete revolution substantially and alternately in opposite directions.

In Fig. 8 I have shown clearly a peculiar construction of the pinion g and the sector F3, whereby the weft-carrier is operated. The pinion has upon it ashoe or projection, g5, which constitutes in effect a lock, and the sector F3 has a locking-surface, g, of smaller radius than the sector,and against which the concave face of the lock or stop shoe g5 may come to a positive and extensive bearing. The sector is also provided at the ends of its toothed portion with notches gl, and as the rotary 1notion of the sector operates the piniong its shoe or lock projection g5 finally comes to a bearing upon the locking surface g and stops these parts in accurate position, and the notches g7 upon the sector and at the ends of the locking-surface g receive the ends of the lock or stop shoe g5 as the rotary motion terminates andpermits said shoe to come to a solid bearing upon the locking-surface 96.

At opposite warps or sides of the loom are arranged upper and lower shuttle-carriers H, which are upon levers H', pivoted at 7i, to operate by rods 7i', connected with their rear arms.

H2 designates other levers fulcrumed upon the shaft h2 and extending crosswise of the looms, and with each lever H2 are connected the rods 7L', which operate the lever H and shuttle carrier H, pertaining to the top of ICO IIO

the warp on one side of the loom and to the bottom of the warp on the other side of the loom; hence it will be understood that as one shuttle-carrier H at one side ofthe loom is thrust downward through the warp another shuttle carrier H at the opposite side of the loom will in exact time therewith be thrust upward through the warp.

The shaft h2, on which the levers `H2 are loosely pivoted, has an arm, h3, connected by a rod if, with a crank-arm, h5, upon the shaft E, and it will be understood that as the shaft E is rotated a rocking motion will, through the rod h4, be transmitted to the shaft h. This does not affect the levers H2 directly, as they are loose upon the shaft h2, and are drawn in one direction by springs if; but fast upon the shaft h2 are segmental slotted rochers hi, which have in them adjustable pins its, and as said rockers are moved by the working of the shaft their pins ha act upon the levers and operate them until they are arrested by stops hg, as shown in Fig. 7.

The construction of the shuttle carrier H, which is secured upon the arm H', is bestshown in Fig. 2. The shuttlecarrier is forked, as there shown, and contains a shuttle, Hit, in which is a bobbin, hilt, carrying a lockingthread. The opposite ends of this shuttle H* are oblique in substantially parallel planes, as shown at o, so that if the shuttle carrier is th rust downward over a thread the th read will pass between the exterior of the shuttle and one fork or arm of the carrier H in the direction of the arrow pointing upward in Fig. 2 and will pass from the shuttleearrier between the the other wall of the shuttle and the carrier H in the direction of the arrow pointing downward in Fig. 2; hence it will be seen that by one reciprocating movement of this shuttlecarrier H a lockingthread which is upon a bobbin in the shuttle H* will be looped around a thread upward and downward on which the shuttlecarrier works.

As before stated, the main driving-shaft G of the machine, which carries the fast and loose pulleys e eand the fly-wheel e2, is geared with a camshaft, E, bya pinion, 0, and a wheel, o?, and said main shaft carries at its end a bevelewheel, t', which engages with a corresponding wheel, i, upon a short crossshaft, t. This cross-shaft 'i2 has upon it a worm, t", gearing into a worm or spur wheel, i", and through pinions i5 thisworm or spur wheel i transmits motion to a spur-wheel, t, which in turn transmits motion to a pinion, il, upon a longitudinal shaft I. This longitudinal shaft. I has upon it a. worm, d, which, through a wornrwheel d', transmits motion to the takeup shaft D'. The two pinions t5, which ro tate upon a common axis and as one, are sup` ported by a swinging arm, l', and that arm is pivoted at t8 and is supported near its opposite ends by a clamping-bolt, i. The arm I has slots @'10 t", which afford provision for changing the pinions 115 for others larger or smaller, and thus varying the speed of the take-up.

The operation of my machine will now be described, reference being particularly had to the diagrams, Figs. 5 and G. One of the pins g being protected beyond the head f', and the one end of the weft-threads from the spools fT being understood to be fastened in the warps, and the warpshaving been opened to the position shown in Fig. 5, the sector F3 is operated to rotate the sleeve f, and thus cause the looper arms f5 to make a substantially complete revolution and carry the weftthreads around the pin g which is projected. By this operation of thelooperarms the weftthrcads which extend inward from opposite warps are looped around the same pin g', and by this operation are looped one into the other, andthe looper-arms come to the position shown in Fig. 5, placing the weft-threads one upon the uppermost and the other upon the lowermost warp-threads. rllhe shuttle carriers H then advance, that on one side of the machine downward over the top weft aud into the warp and that on the opposite side of the machine upward over the bottom weft and into the warp, and by the advance and recession of these shuttle-carriers the locking-threads'which they carry are looped around the last weftvthreads on opposite sides of the loom and draw these weftthreads into the-warps. The warps now make their change, those warps which are nearest being carried outward first to leave a clear path for the rotation of the looper-armsff, as shown in Fig. 6. The looper-arms make a new revolution to loop the weftthreads around the other ping', which was before sheathed, and by the time they complete their revolution the warps which were before outermost have been brought inward, and the entire mechanism resumes the position shown in Fig. 5. In the meantime the lays C or beaters are operated by other suitable mechanism, before described, and the take'up mechanism also operates.

From the above description it will be understood that the simple rotary weft-carrier, with its weft-spools and louper-arms, and the shuttle-carriers at the warps oftheloom which loop the locking-threads around the last weft thread constitute important elements of my invention, and itis believed that such a combination of parts has never been used in a loom for weaving harness or for any other purpose.

Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, ism

1. rlhe combination, with the warpcarriers, harness, and the beaters or lays at opposite sides of the loom,ofa centrally-arranged weftcarrier and rotary loopcr-arms, a pin around which the weft-threads `from their spools or bobbins are carried and looped one into the other, shuttles carrying locking-threads at each side of the loom, and shuttle-carriers by which said locking-thread shuttles are ad- IOO ITO

vanced into the open shed, looped over the last Weft-thread, and then withdrawn to pull the weft-thread into the shed, and mechanism, substantially as described, for operating the harness, the beaters or lays, the weft-carrier and its loopcr-arnis, and the shuttle-carriers, substantially as herein set forth.

2. The eombinatiomwith the Warp-carriers, harness, and beaters or lays at opposite sides of the loom, of a centrally-arranged rotary shaft carrying the weft-spools and looper-arms, a central head and pins protruding therefrom, around which the weftthrcads are alternately looped one into the other, a rocker and a cam and cam-actuated lever for alternately withdrawing and projecting the pins, a pinion and sector through which the shaft is operated, and a crank and conncotingrod for rocking the sector, shuttle-carriers at the opposite warps, each having a shuttle adapted to carry a thread for looping around the weft-threads and d raw ing them into the warps, and mechanism, substantially as described, for operating the harness, the lays, the said crank, and the shuttlecarriers, substantially as herein set forth.

3. The combinatiomwith the Warp carriers, the harness, and the lays at opposite sides of the loom, of the shaft with its loopcrarms and weft-spool spindles, the pinion g, having a locking shoe or block, g5, projecting beyond its periphery, and the sector F3, having the locking-surface terminating in the notches gl, the central head and its alternately-presented pins g', the shuttle-carriers at opposite Warps, each having a shuttle adapted to carry a locking-thread for looping around the Weftthreads and drawing them into the Warps, and mechanism, substantially as described, for operating the harness, the lays, the said sector, the pins, and the shuttle carriers, substantially as herein set forth.

4. rIhe combinaliomwith the Warp carriers, the harness, and the lays at opposite sides of the loom, of a center head and its alternatelypresented pins, a rotary weft-carrier and looper-arms provided with tubes through which the weft-threads are conducted to their guides at the ends of the arms, shuttle-carriers at the Warps, each containing a shuttle adapted to carrying a locking-thread for looping around the Weft-thrcads and drawing them into the warps, and mechanism, substantially as described, for Operating the harness, the lays, the reciprocating pins, the weft-carrier and looper arms, and the shuttle-carriers, substantially as herein set forth.

5. The combinatio1i,with the Warpcarriers, the harness, and the lays at opposite sides of the loom, of a center head and its alternatelypresented pins, a rotary weft-carrier and looper-arms, shuttle-carriers at the Warps, each containing a shuttle adapted to carry a locking-thread for looping around the weft-threads and drawing them into the Warps, levers at opposite ends of which the shuttle-carriers are placed, each lever con nected,as described, with shuttle carriers which enter the two Warps in opposite directions, rockers and a rock-shaft for operating said levers, and mechanism, substantially as described, for operating the har ness, the lays, the pins, the Weftcarrier, and the said rock-shaft, substantially as herein set forth.

6. 'Ihe combinatiomwith the Warp-carriers, the harness, and the lays at opposite sides of ,the loom, of a center head and its alternatelypresented pins, a rotary weftl carrier and looper-arms, shuttle-carriers at the Warps, each consisting cfa fork and each containing ashuttle having its opposite ends oblique in substantially parallel planes, and mechanism, substantially as described, for operating the harness, the lays, the reciprocating pins, the weftcarrier, the looper-arms, and the shuttlecarriers, substantially as herein set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRED ECKERMANN.

Vitnesses:

FREDK. HAYNns, EMIL HERTER. 

